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St Helens, Merseyside
St. Helens () is a large town〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Administrative unit: St Helens Civil Parish )〕 in Merseyside, England. It is the largest settlement and administrative centre of the Metropolitan Borough of St Helens with a population of 102,629, while the entire metropolitan borough had a population of 176,843 at the 2001 Census.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Census 2001 Key Statistics, Urban areas in England and Wales )〕 The town was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1868, responsible for the administration of four townships, Eccleston, Parr, Sutton and Windle, and as a county borough in 1887 (superseded in 1974 by the metropolitan borough).
St Helens is in the south west of the historic county of Lancashire in North West England, north of the River Mersey. The town historically lay within the ancient Lancashire division of West Derby known as a "hundred".〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Administrative Unit West Derby Hundred )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 3 )〕
The area developed rapidly in the Industrial Revolution of the 18th and 19th centuries into a significant centre for coal mining〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Origin of St. Helens )〕 and glassmaking. It was also home to a cotton and linen industry (notably sail making) that lasted until the mid-19th century as well as salt,〔 lime and alkali pits,〔 copper smelting, and brewing.
Glass producer Pilkington is the town's one remaining large industrial employer. Previously the town had been home to Beechams, the Gamble Alkali Works, Ravenhead glass,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Ravenheads cause taken to Parliament, 2001 )〕 United Glass Bottles (U.G.B.), Triplex, Daglish Foundry,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Daglish Foundry, St. Helens )〕 and Greenall's brewery.
==History==
(詳細はウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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